"Drugs abused by humans... increased extracellular dopamine concentrations... especially in the accumbens."
Source: Di Chiara & Imperato (1988), PNAS. View source
Dopamine Simulator
Your Day, In Dopamine
Drop activities on the chart and simulate dopamine using a bi-exponential opponent-process model.
Drag an activity onto the chart
Dopamine index
Normal baseline (a)
New baseline (b)
Equation: DeltaD_i(t) = A_i*e^(-DeltaT/tau_r,i) - B_i*e^(-DeltaT/tau_o,i), DeltaT = max(0, t - t_i)
Scientific Findings
What Studies Report About Dopamine
"Intense pleasure in response to music can lead to dopamine release in the striatal system."
Source: Salimpoor et al. (2011), Nature Neuroscience. View source
"Sleep deprivation reduced dopamine D2/D3 receptor availability... in striatum."
Source: Volkow et al. (2012), Journal of Neuroscience. View source
"Exercise increases caudate dopamine release and ventral striatal activation in Parkinson's disease."
Source: Sacheli et al. (2019), Movement Disorders. View source